Cause and Effect
Cause and Effect Reasoning: Easy Study Material with Emojis
What is Cause and Effect Reasoning? 🤔
In this reasoning type, you’re given two statements. You must decide if one statement is the cause (reason) and the other is the effect (result), or if they’re unrelated or share a common cause. These questions test your logical and analytical skills12.
Types of Relationships 🔗
- Direct Cause and Effect: One statement is the cause, the other is the effect.
- Both are Effects of a Common Cause: Both statements result from the same cause.
- Independent/Unrelated: The statements have no logical connection.
How to Approach These Questions 🚦
- Read both statements carefully.
- Ask: Does one statement directly lead to the other?
- Check: Could both be results of a third, unmentioned cause?
- Decide: Are they totally unrelated?
Common Options & What They Mean 📝
| Option | Meaning |
|---|---|
| A | Statement I is the reason (cause); Statement II is the response (effect) |
| B | Statement II is the reason; Statement I is the response |
| C | Both statements are unrelated reasons |
| D | Both are responses to unrelated causes |
| E | Both are responses to a common cause |
Examples with Solutions 💡
Example 1
Statements: I. Everybody should work hard. II. The only way to achieve success is to work hard.
Answer: A Explanation: Statement I (work hard) is the cause, and Statement II (achieve success) is the effect1.
Example 2
Statements: I. Apple has vitamin D that helps in boosting immunity. II. Doctors advise to eat an apple every day.
Answer: B Explanation: The doctor’s advice (II) is the reason, and the benefit of apple (I) is the response1.
Example 3
Statements: I. There has been a curfew in the city. II. 24-hour police patrolling is going on in the city.
Answer: E Explanation: Both are results of a common reason (e.g., riots)1.
Example 4
Statements: I. There has been a curfew in the city. II. Doctors advise to eat an apple every day.
Answer: D Explanation: No connection; both are responses to different causes1.
Practice Questions with Detailed Solutions 📝✨
Q1.
Statements: I. Due to cyclone in Odisha, people living in low-lying areas have been evacuated. II. The Odisha government rushed to provide relief.
Options: A. I is the reason; II is the response B. II is the reason; I is the response C. Both are unrelated reasons D. Both are responses to unrelated causes E. Both are responses to a common cause
Answer: E Solution: Both actions are due to the cyclone 🌪️1.
Q2.
Statements: I. The expansion of small engineering colleges is restricted by AICTE. II. Big colleges like IIT, NIT are top in competition and small private colleges can’t withstand it.
Options: A. I is the reason; II is the response B. II is the reason; I is the response C. Both are unrelated reasons D. Both are responses to unrelated causes E. Both are responses to a common cause
Answer: B Solution: The competition (II) is the reason for AICTE’s restriction (I) 🏫1.
Q3.
Statements: I. For months, spice prices haven’t changed domestically. II. For months, spice prices have risen internationally.
Options: A. I is the reason; II is the response B. II is the reason; I is the response C. Both are unrelated reasons D. Both are responses to unrelated causes E. Both are responses to a common cause
Answer: C Solution: No direct link between domestic and international prices 🥄1.
Q4.
Statements: I. Odisha footballers’ performance in national games was below expectations. II. Their competitive spirit in last eastern India games was much better.
Answer: E Solution: Both are effects of a common cause (performance variations) ⚽1.
Q5.
Statements: I. Many people fell sick after eating at a marriage party in Cuttack. II. Cuttack locality is flooded and inaccessible.
Answer: D Solution: No connection; both are responses to different causes 🍽️🌊1.
Q6.
Statements: I. IT professionals’ lives are hectic, leading to stress. II. Heart disease is increasing in all professions.
Answer: E Solution: Both are effects of a common cause (stressful lifestyle) 💻❤️1.
Q7.
Statements: I. University bans smoking in colleges and hostels. II. Parents complained about the open environment in colleges.
Answer: B Solution: Parental complaints (II) led to the ban (I) 🚭1.
Q8.
Statements: I. Citizens protest government office construction instead of a park. II. There are no parks in the locality.
Answer: B Solution: Lack of parks (II) is the reason for protest (I) 🏞️1.
Q9.
Statements: I. Govt reduced petrol prices by Rs. 4 after raising by Rs. 8. II. Tax on petrol imports dropped marginally.
Answer: B Solution: Tax reduction (II) led to price drop (I) ⛽1.
Q10.
Statements: I. Mumbai police increased evening patrolling. II. Petty crimes like theft have decreased.
Answer: A Solution: Increased patrolling (I) is the cause; crime reduction (II) is the effect 🚓1.
Quick Tips & Tricks 🧠✨
- Look for direct cause-effect clues (e.g., “due to”, “because”, “as a result”).
- Check for common causes when both statements seem like results.
- If unrelated, mark as such—don’t force a connection!
- Practice with real examples for speed and accuracy.
Happy Practicing! 🥳 Use these concepts, emojis, and practice questions to master cause and effect reasoning for your exams!📚2